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The burning of Francis McIntosh was the lynching of a mulatto boatman in St. Louis, Missouri, USA, on April 28, 1836. ==Lynching== McIntosh, who worked as a porter and a cook on the steamboat ''Flora'', arrived in St. Louis on April 28.〔 〕 McIntosh departed the boat in the morning to visit an African-American chambermaid who worked aboard the ''Lady Jackson'', which had docked the same day.〔 According to the captain of the ''Flora'', as McIntosh departed the boat, two police officers were chasing another sailor (who had been involved in a fight) and requested McIntosh's assistance in stopping him.〔 McIntosh did not assist the officers, and he was arrested for interfering in the apprehension.〔 In the second version of events, the two sailors had been drinking and had insulted the officers, and McIntosh refused to assist in arresting the pair.〔 When charged with breach of the peace by a justice of the peace, McIntosh asked the two arresting officers how long he would have to remain in jail.〔 One told him that he would serve five years in prison for the crime, and McIntosh then stabbed both officers, killing one and seriously injuring the other.〔〔 After a brief chase, McIntosh was captured and placed in jail; however, a white mob soon broke into the jail and removed McIntosh.〔 The mob then took him to the outskirts of town (near the present-day intersection of Seventh and Chestnut streets in Downtown St. Louis), chained him to a locust tree, and piled wood around and up to his knees.〔 When the mob lit the wood with a hot brand, McIntosh asked the crowd to shoot him, then began to sing hymns.〔 When one in the crowd said that he had died, McIntosh reportedly replied, "No, no — I feel as much as any of you. Shoot me! Shoot me!"〔 After at most twenty minutes, McIntosh died.〔 Estimates for the number present at the lynching range in the hundreds, and include an alderman who threatened to shoot anyone who attempted to stop the lynching. During the night, an elderly African-American man was paid to keep the fire lit, and the mob dispersed.〔 The next day, on April 29, a group of boys threw rocks at the corpse in an attempt to break the skull.〔 When a grand jury was convened to investigate the lynching on May 16, most local newspapers and the presiding judge encouraged no indictment for the crime, and no one was ever charged or convicted.〔〔 〕 During the grand jury trial, Judge Luke E. Lawless remarked in court that McIntosh's actions were an example of the "atrocities committed in this and other states by individuals of negro blood against their white brethren," and that with the rise of abolitionism, "the free negro has been converted into a deadly enemy."〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Burning of Francis McIntosh」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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